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  • Term: fossil
    Key Words: ,
    Related Terms:

    fossil!


    fossil

    Comprehensive Analysis



    1) "Fossil" -- As to fossil

    1fos·sil
    Pronunciation: 'fä-s&l
    Function: adjective
    Etymology: Latin fossilis obtained by digging, from fodere to dig -- more at BED
    1 : preserved from a past geologic age <fossil plants> <fossil water in an underground reservoir>
    2 : being or resembling a fossil
    3 : of or relating to fossil fuel
    Pronunciation Symbols

    Three small ammonite fossils, each approximately 1.5cm across. Eocene fossil fish Priscacara liops from Green River Formation of Uath Petrified wood fossil formed through permineralization. The internal structure of the tree and bark are maintained in the permineralization process. Lower Proterozoic Stromatolites from Bolivia, South America

    Fossils (from Latin fossus, literally "having been dug up") are the mineralized or otherwise preserved remains or traces (such as footprints) of animals, plants, and other organisms. The totality of fossils, both discovered and undiscovered, and their placement in fossiliferous (fossil-containing) rock formations and sedimentary layers (strata) is known as the fossil record. The study of fossils across geological time, how they were formed, and the evolutionary relationships between taxa (phylogeny) are some of the most important functions of the science of paleontology.

    Using radiometric dating techniques, geologists have determined most fossils to be several thousands to several billions of years old. Yet there is no minimum age for a fossil. Fossils vary in size from microscopic, such as single cells, to gigantic, such as dinosaurs. A fossil normally preserves only a portion of the deceased organism, usually that portion that was partially mineralized during life, such as the bones and teeth of vertebrates, or the chitinous exoskeletons of invertebrates. Preservation of soft tissues is exquisitely rare in the fossil record. Fossils may also consist of the marks left behind by the organism while it was alive, such as the footprint or feces of a reptile. These types of fossil are called trace fossils (or ichnofossils) as opposed to body fossils. Finally, past life leaves some markers that cannot be seen but can be detected in the form of biochemical signals; these are known as chemical fossils or biomarkers.